A 100 amp sub panel is a great option for homeowners with heavy-duty devices that need to be plugged in. It will ensure that these devices won’t overload the main breaker panel.

When it comes to wiring a 100 amp service, the right wire size is critical. There are several factors to consider, including the conductor type and the length of run.

Wire Gauge

Most homes have a 200 amp main breaker panel that connects to a secondary panel (also called a sub-panel). The secondary panel is responsible for distributing circuit breakers throughout your home. This allows you to use more appliances and electrical devices.

The wire size you need for your 100 amp service depends on the number of appliances and the distance from the main breaker panel to the sub-panel. The National Electric Code (NEC) provides guidelines on how to correctly size wires for different breaker capacities and distances.

You can use online calculators or consult a licensed electrician to determine what the correct wire gauge for your application should be. Remember that longer wires have more resistance and therefore will eat up more current than shorter wires. If you run a wire that is too small for its load, it will overheat and potentially start a fire. That’s why it is always a good idea to get a professional to handle any wiring projects.

Copper Wire

Copper is a non-precious metal that has excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. It is very malleable and can be drawn into wires, strips, strands, rods and more. This makes it ideal for many types of applications in both residential and commercial settings.

When determining your wire size, you must take into account the length of each run and the temperature where the copper will be installed. This will help prevent voltage drop which can result in tripping breakers or overheating.

Copper also resists what engineers call creep, the gradual deformation of metal under unfair stress that can cause loose connections. This is a common problem with aluminum wiring, especially when it’s used in long runs where it must traverse obstacles. The ductility and malleability of copper also helps it resist corrosion and has an excellent tensile strength that prevents breakage. Choose from bare, tinned or coated varieties depending on your application.

Aluminum Wire

A wire that’s rated for 100 amps is usually used in large commercial applications like office buildings or strip malls. It can be either copper or aluminum. Copper is more conductive than aluminum and better for longer runs. However, copper is more expensive than aluminum.

The length of the wire will also affect its ampacity rating. Longer wires have more voltage drop due to natural resistance. This means that the wire will have to be a larger gauge to maintain a safe current level.

To avoid having too much voltage drop, use a gauge 1 made of aluminum for a service entrance and a gauge 2 made of copper for your breaker panel or sub-panel. This will help you keep your circuits running smoothly and efficiently for years to come. If you’re not sure what gauge to get, consult a professional electrician for advice. They will be able to recommend the perfect wire size for your project.

Safety

When upgrading to 100 amp service, you’ll need to be sure your wiring can handle the load. There’s a risk that thinner wires won’t be able to support the extra power without overheating. This can lead to faulty connections and even electrical fires.

A professional electrician will use the National Electric Code when determining your wire size. They’ll also consider the temperature of the area where the wire will be installed, as higher temperatures can reduce a wire’s current-carrying capacity.

Regardless of what gauge copper or aluminum wire you choose, it’s important to properly space your circuits. This will avoid a voltage drop of more than 3%. This is vital to keep your appliances and devices safe and prevent tripping breakers or fuses. Always switch off your breaker before beginning any electrical work and follow all safety precautions. This will help reduce the risk of accidents, injuries, and fires. It will also help ensure your new system works safely and efficiently.

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